Human immunodeficiency virus misdiagnosis in a patient presenting with clinical features of AIDS in Malawi: A case report

Mictum Miggo
Innocent Khuliwa
Denilson Eugenio
Mathews Saindi
Thokozani Nankhonya
Richard Kamalizeni
Emma Kamoto
Felistus Kazingatchire
Patience Chikuse
Hamstone Lwesha
Johnstone J. Kumwenda

Abstract

A 27-year-old man presented with a history of weight loss and generally feeling unwell for more than 2 years. He had several negative HIV rapid tests. His wife had a positive HIV test in 2023 during screening while she was pregnant with their first child. When HIV RNA testing was requested, it was positive with a viral load of 1,740,000 copies/ml. In patients in high HIV prevalence settings suspected to have HIV infection with repeated negative rapid antibody diagnostic tests, HIV RNA testing should be requested to exclude infection.